A Smart IoT Architecture for Continuous Health Monitoring Using Raspberry Pi for Pandemic and Emergency Conditions

Abstract

The increasing demand for noncontact and continuous health monitoring during pandemic and emergency conditions has significantly accelerated the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in healthcare. IoT health monitoring systems obviate the need for frequent doctor visits and patient-physician consultations. This paper presents an IoT-based real-time patient health supervision system using Raspberry Pi for track a person's temperature, pulse rate, humidity, and oxygen saturation. This approach is particularly beneficial in rural or village areas, where local clinics can share their patients’ medical information with larger city hospitals for better diagnosis and treatment. The proposed system integrates temperature, pulse rate, and humidity sensors to observe the patient’s health status with high accuracy. The suggested system consists of three parts: an inexpensive, lightweight IoT sensor, a mobile cloud server called Thing Speak, and a qr code scanning technique for data processing and diagnostics. ThingSpeak updates the data, and then the patient's health status is displayed. Although motivated by COVID-19 needs, the system is designed as a general-purpose telehealth solution suitable for elderly care, chronic disease monitoring, home quarantine, remote hospitals, and future pandemic preparedness. Experimental results demonstrate that the system is cost-effective, scalable, and reliable for modern healthcare environments.