Status of Energy Used Efficiency and Farm Mechanization Level for Wheat Production in District Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

To meet the rising demand for food, wheat production, which accounts for about 25% of the world's cereal crop area, must be increased. Since wheat yield is directly correlated with energy inputs, the current study aims to investigate and optimize energy use patterns in wheat production throughout the Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh in order to achieve greater productivity. The study included six tehsils: Jaunpur (Sadar), Badlapur, Kerakat, Machhlishahar, Mariahu, and Shahganj. The energy output from grain and straw as well as the energy used for land preparation, sowing, irrigation, fertilizer application, harvesting, and threshing were among the many energy and mechanization indicators that were taken into account. In the district under study, the total energy input for wheat cultivation was estimated to be 16,658.58 MJ/ha, while the energy output was 98,181.3 MJ/ha. At 8,257.27 MJ/ha, chemical fertilizers accounted for the largest share of energy inputs. Of these, nitrogen shared roughly 7,415.99 MJ/ha, followed by phosphorus. Harvesting and threshing operations used 1,877.23 MJ/ha of energy, whereas irrigation used 3,313.12 MJ/ha. The region's wheat production had an EUE of 5.89, which further indicates that energy output is nearly six times greater than energy input. EUE was greatly impacted by farm size. Large farms had the highest value (6.36), medium-sized farms ranged from 5.66 to 5.96, and small farms had the lowest value (5.64), indicating a declining trend with smaller landholdings.