Kirtan Adhikari 1* , Vasker Sharma 2 , Nishant Saxsena 3
1* Associate Lecturer, Civil Engineering Department, College of Science and Technology, Royal University of Bhutan, Bhutan, Corresponding author Email: adhikari.cst@rub.edu.bt
2 Associate Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Jigme Namgyel Engineering College, Royal University of Bhutan, Bhutan
3 PhD Research Scholar, Centre of Excellence in Disaster Mitigation and Management, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
Received on: April 21, 2023
Revised on: April 26 2023
Accepted on: April 31, 2023
ABSTRACT
Unsteady flow measurement in the natural river systems have remained one of the most challenginghydraulic problems. Despite several attempts, there is not even a method that has proven satisfactory toquantify the flow during unsteady conditions. Hydromet station adopts the rating curve to convert theflow depth to discharge in most cases. With the recent advancement in the field of Internet of Things(IoT), sensors are widely available to record the flow depth at a small temporal resolution. In the presentstudy, IoTs and hydrometry were integrated to automatize the discharge estimation through non-contacttechnique coupling with dynamic rating curve formulae (DRcF) in the Himalayan river. The presentedidea is suitable to quantify flow, especially in the Himalayan river with rapid flow characterized by highturbulence and velocity, because only a non-contact method is feasible. A pilot gauging station wasestablished in Om chhu using an ultrasonic sensor to obtain the stage data that serves as the input to theDRcF. A comparative evaluation of DRcF revealed that all the DRcF selected estimated dischargewithout any inconsistencies or stability issues, although a few models were implicit.
Keywords: Discharge, Unsteady, Stage, Arduino, Flood, Rating curve