Volume 3 Issue 1

In western India, the water for irrigation is supplied by the open inundation channels of the reservoir having its predominant distribution there. The Irrigation management faces issues of less capacitated water distribution systems than its apex requirement, has irregular supply rate, low inundation efficiency, and consistency. It is important to measure the delivered water supply with required water delivery in proportion to its demand. The auto water elevated gauges which are fixed at the back and front segments of each inundation canal at the left bank channel of the Godavari river assess the discharge of supplied water during the irrigation period. In the current research, the computation would be conducted for the water delivery performance indicators such as competency, productivity, prominence, and rectitude, which are fundamental for the assessment of the irrigation and drainage system management. According to the water supply performance indicator, the inundation ability is calculated with an automatic water gauge. It is measured from the structural and transient channeling of water discharge to examine the inefficiency of water supply management. The cumulative results of the performance indicator demonstrate the enhanced methods to develop water management policies that will facilitate the irrigation planners with improved temporal consistency and reasonable water distribution.

MIKE+ model is used to design the collection system of Malappuram city situated at 54 km south west of Calicut and 90 km North West of Palakkad of Kerala state. The shapefile of the study area, SRTM 30m Digital Elevation Model, and rainfall data for the years 2017-2020 were collected and added as layers in MIKE+. Through manhole digitization followed by link creation, catchment delineation, catchment connection, and various boundary conditions, the rainfall-runoff model and catchment discharge by rational formula were determined. In Malappuram city, there are nine outlets, majority of sewers are delivering water to outlets at nodes 1156, 2344, and 2955 to reduce the burden of waste. According to the diameter of the manholes, the collection system was observed to be overdesigned, but it is capable of collecting all wastewater from each residence and catchment runoff to outlets without the need of pumps by gravity flow. In future perspective, if the water level exceeds the set critical level, mainly for the trunks sewer A and G, it will be a point of concern and requires attention. http://jweam.in/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2_Akhilesh.pdf

Increasing demand of fresh water is not only an issue in India but across the world. Rapid growth of population is a major cause of harassing the natural resources and groundwater is one of them. The methodology for groundwater resources assessment in India is mainly based on Ground Water Resources Estimation Committee,1997 and it involves assessment of annual groundwater resources recharge, annual groundwater draft (utilization) and the percentage of utilization with respect to recharge (stage of development). The assessment units (blocks/watersheds) are categorized based on stage of groundwater development (utilization) and the long term water level trend. This study estimates the recharge and draft of Groundwater in Arwal District due to uses for irrigation, domestic and industrial uses, etc. The characteristic of annual rainfall, monsoon rainfall and non-monsoon rainfall were analyzed. The average annual rainfall of Arwal district is 743.05 mm, monsoon rainfall as 654.18 mm and non-monsoon rainfall was recorded as 66.87 mm. Groundwater recharge was estimated at 49766.15 ha-m and draft was determined as 52973.15 ha-m. Population study of district was forecasted using Geographical Increased method. Based on this study results, the total annual demand of water for Domestic purposes was estimated at 41.09 MCM. Draft of groundwater was observed more than recharge of groundwater. This needs proper planning and management of existing groundwater resources. http://jweam.in/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/3_Randheer.pdf

Coastal regions are among the most important places for urban development and industrial expansion. However, the system is active and it must be well examined before any infrastructure is planned, to avoid harm from natural processes like degradation, sedimentation, and sometimes sea-generated natural disasters. Numerical modelling of the coast to forecast the area’s natural parameters is an important technique for assessing these systems. Coastal regions are of critical importance to most of the world’s citizens with a significant bearing on economic activities. In the present study, a well-calibrated mathematical model of Vengurla, Maharashtra, has been developed using MIKE 21 flexible mesh software, with the latest prototype data and also carried out 2-D hydrodynamic studies for the proposed 500m breakwater and approach channel. The simulated model will be tangled with the sediment transport model to ascertain the likely pattern of siltation in the area. After studying the Hydrodynamic model, it was observed that in existing conditions, currents varied in the range of 0-0.02 m/sec inside the Vengurla creek and 0-0.15 m/sec in the seawater and currents under the proposed condition varied in the range of 0-0.029 m/sec inside the Vengurla creek and 0-0.22 m/sec in the seawater. No severe circulation or eddies were observed near the beach area in the existing condition as well as in the proposed condition, hence no siltation has occurred in that area. From the sediment model, it was observed that there is not much siltation/erosion after the construction of the proposed breakwater and deepening of the approach channel. http://jweam.in/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/4_Shreya.pdf